Leading technology and electric car companies have been accused of failing to ensure minerals used in their products are not mined using child labour, Amnesty International said in a report on Tuesday.

The report found that firms including Microsoft, Renault and Huawei have taken "no action" into how the batteries used in their products could be linked to human rights abuses.

But tech giants Apple and Samsung have made some progress, according to the report, which ranked the progress of 29 companies that source cobalt -- a mineral used in batteries for mobile phones and electric cars -- from the world's leading producer the Democratic Republic of Congo.

Children as young as seven were found scavenging for rocks containing cobalt by researchers in the mineral-rich but impoverished vast African country, the report said.

"Cobalt mined by children and adults in horrendous conditions in the DRC is entering the supply chains of some of the world's biggest brands," said the report, which is titled Time To Recharge.

As global demand for cobalt skyrockets, the electric car industry is "lagging behind other sectors" the report said under the heading "The dark side of green technology".

Car companies Renault and Daimler have "performed particularly badly", with the human rights group starting an online petition demanding Renault CEO Carlos Ghosn to investigate his firm's cobalt supply chain.

Apple was named an industry leader after becoming the first company to publish the names of its cobalt suppliers this year, but other tech brands have made "alarmingly little progress," including Microsoft, which is "not in compliance with even the basic international standards".

More than 50 percent of the world's cobalt comes from DR Congo, the report said, with 20 percent of exports hand-dug by "artisanal miners".

"Amnesty International documented children and adults mining cobalt in narrow man-made tunnels, at risk of fatal accidents and serious lung disease," the report said.

The DRC is one of the world's poorest nations, where 90 percent of its estimated 71 million population lives in extreme poverty.

Competition for its mineral wealth has bred widespread corruption, smuggling and mismanagement, while some funds have been used to fuel armed conflicts raging in the east of the country.

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MICROSOFT

COBALT INTERNATIONAL ENERGY

DAIMLER

Renault

SAMSUNG ELECTRONICS

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UN peacekeeping missions under pressure to reform in Africa
Dakar (AFP) Nov 15, 2017
African leaders called this week for an overhaul in the way peacekeeping missions are handled on the continent, as the United Nations itself reconsiders its deployments in an age of cross-border terrorism. Eight of the UN's 15 peacekeeping missions are based in Africa, and several are beset by problems relating to insufficient equipment and mandates ill-suited to the countries in which they ... read more

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