Led by the Ecole Polytechnique Federale de Lausanne (EPFL) and supported by the University of Applied Sciences and Arts of Western Switzerland (HES-SO) and the Politecnico di Milano, the study demonstrates that this bulk passivation technique significantly increases efficiency-surpassing 20%-while maintaining performance for months under real-world conditions.
Using positron annihilation spectroscopy, the researchers confirmed that TEMPO treatment reduces vacancy-type defects within the perovskite layer. This fast, solvent-free method is also compatible with scalable roll-to-roll manufacturing processes, similar to those used in the printing industry.
"The proposed method is fast, solvent-free, and compatible with roll-to-roll processing, similar to that used in the printing industry. This makes the technology promising not just in the lab, but also for future industrial-scale production," said Rafael Ferragut, physicist at the Politecnico di Milano and co-author of the paper.
The findings represent a leap toward commercial production of lightweight and durable solar panels that could be integrated into buildings or used in flexible electronics and wearable devices.
Research Report:TEMPO bulk passivation boosts the performance and operational stability of rapid-annealed FAPI perovskite solar cells
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